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Fichiers Batch (Système)

Commandes Batch:

Tout comme les commandes MS-DOS, toutes les commandes des fichiers batch ne sont pas sensibles à la case. En voici la liste:

@ Does not echo back the text after the at symbol. This is most commonly used as @ECHO OFF to prevent any of the commands in the batch file from being displayed, just the information needed.
%1 The percent followed by a numeric value, beginning with one, allows users to add variables within a batch file. The below line is an example of what can be used in a batch file.

ECHO Hello %1

When the above one-line batch file is created, add your name after the batch file. For example, typing myname (being the name of the bat file) and then your name:

myname bob 

would output:

Hello bob

Note: This can be extended to %2, %3, and so on.
:LABEL By adding a colon in front of a word, such as LABEL, you create a category, more commonly known as a label. This allows you to skip to certain sections of a batch file such as the end of the batch file. Also see GOTO.
CALL This is used to run another batch file within a batch file. When the batch file that is called is completed, the remainder of the original batch file is completed. Note if the batch file does not exist it will give an error message.
CHOICE See running different programs for an example of how to use this command.
  • Additional information and the syntax of this command in each version of Windows and MS-DOS can be found on our CHOICE command page.
CLS Just like the DOS command would clear your screen.
  • Additional information and the syntax of this command in each version of Windows and MS-DOS can be found on our CLS command page.
ECHO Will echo a message in the batch file. Such as "ECHO Hello World" will print: Hello World on the screen when executed. Note if you have not typed @ECHO OFF at the beginning of the batch file this will also print "ECHO Hello World" and "Hello World". If you would just like to create a blank line, type ECHO. adding the period at the end creates an empty line.
EXIT Exits out of the DOS window if the batch file is running from Windows.
  • Additional information and the syntax of this command in each version of Windows and MS-DOS can be found on our EXIT command page.
GOTO LABEL Used to go to a certain label, such as LABEL. An example of GOTO would be to GOTO END. For an example of this see running different programs.
  • Additional information and the syntax of this command in each version of Windows and MS-DOS can be found on our GOTO command page.
IF Used to check for a certain condition if the condition exists. If that condition exists it will perform that function. To see an example of this see running different programs.
  • Additional information and the syntax of this command in each version of Windows and MS-DOS can be found on our IF command page.
PAUSE Prompt the user to press any key to continue.
REM Allows you to place remarks into the batch file without displaying or executing that line when the batch file is run.
SHIFT Changes the position of replaceable parameters in a batch program.
  • Additional information and the syntax of this command in each version of Windows and MS-DOS can be found on our SHIFT command page.
START Used for Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT 4.0 and above to start a windows application; such as START C:WINDOWCALC would run the Windows Calculator. Users running Windows 3.x need to utilize the WIN command.  For example, WIN C:WindowsCALC.EXE would run Windows and then Calculator after Windows has finished loading. 


Running different programs

Below is a simple example of how you can implement the choice options into your batch files. Each line that is in red can be left out of the batch file. They have been included to help explain some of what the batch file means. Windows 2000 and Windows XP users will need to substitute the choice command with the set command; see our set command page for additional help and information with this command.

@ECHO OFF
REM - LABEL INDICATING THE BEGINNING OF THE DOCUMENT.
:BEGIN
CLS
REM - THE BELOW LINE GIVES THE USER 3 CHOICES (DEFINED AFTER /C:)
CHOICE /N /C:123 PICK A NUMBER (1, 2, or 3)%1
REM - THE NEXT THREE LINES ARE DIRECTING USER DEPENDING UPON INPUT
IF ERRORLEVEL ==3 GOTO THREE
IF ERRORLEVEL ==2 GOTO TWO
IF ERRORLEVEL ==1 GOTO ONE
GOTO END
:THREE
ECHO YOU HAVE PRESSED THREE
GOTO END
:TWO
ECHO YOU HAVE PRESSED TWO
GOTO END
:ONE
ECHO YOU HAVE PRESSED ONE
:END

How to start Windows files and other programs from a batch file

To run Microsoft Windows programs or files use the START command. The below example would run Windows Notepad.

START /MAX NOTEPAD

You can also specify the direct location of the file by typing the below command.

START /MAX C:WindowsNOTEPAD.EXE

*Windows users who have a different directory (e.g. Windows 2000 users) would need to substitute WINNT or the name of their directory in place of Windows in the above example.

The /m representing it to start the window Maximized. See our start command page for additional information about this command.

Creating a batch file delay

Below is an example of how to delay a batch file any where from 5 to 99 seconds. In the below example we illustrate a 5 second delay.

TYPE NUL | CHOICE.COM /N /CY /TY,5 >NUL

Additionally, you could use the sleep file found on our utility download section.

How to make a time log in a batch file

The below example demonstrates how to create a time log of when the batch file is loaded, or for example, this could be used in the autoexec.bat when someone logs into a computer that supports this file.

ECHO. |TIME > TIME
COPY LOG +TIME

An alternate, slightly more complicated method that, to our knowledge, cannot be used in Windows NT, Windows 2000 or Windows ME would be the following:

echo @prompt set date=$­d$­_set time=$­t$­h$­h$­h > {a}.bat
%comspec% /e:2048 /c {a}.bat > {b}.bat
for %%v in ({b}.bat del) do call %%v {?}.bat
echo %date% %time% >> log

Another alternative is:

echo. |time |find "current" >> log

For the above batch file to work properly you must create a file called "log", by typing: "edit log" (without the quotes) and then save and exit the file that will be 0 bytes. If this file is not created or not created properly you will receive the error message "Content of destination lost before copy".

   TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Reference Issue / Question
MS-DOS Additional help and information with MS-DOS.
MS-DOS Q&A Listing of Questions and answers relating to MS-DOS.
FORUM If your question is not listed on this page, please try our online forum.
CH000010 Deleting files in MS-DOS without a prompt.
CH000036 How to execute commands in a batch file in timed intervals.
CH000209 Information about long file names.
CH000319 Creating a blank line in a batch file.
CH000320 How to exit a Windows MS-DOS window through a batch file.
CH000321 How to shut down / restart the computer with a batch file.
CH000322 How to run a batch file each time the computer boots.
CH000323 How to quickly replace the file extensions of several files.
CH000435 How to make a bat executable?
CH000540 How to change the title of a MS-DOS Window.
CH000570 Additional information and options for the rundll32.exe file.
CH000738 Preventing a MS-DOS window from automatically closing in Windows.
CH000754 Deleting files equal to 0 in a batch file.
CH000785 How can I run a batch file at a specific time?
CH000932 How can I run a batch file or other file minimized?
CH000987 How can I make a batch file rename a file to the date or time?

 





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